{"id":303,"date":"2021-09-21T14:59:07","date_gmt":"2021-09-21T13:59:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wordpress_test\/?page_id=303"},"modified":"2026-10-12T20:51:21","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T19:51:21","slug":"friction","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/friction\/","title":{"rendered":"Friction and Interfaces"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"303\" class=\"elementor elementor-303\" data-elementor-settings=\"[]\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9fa50ed elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9fa50ed\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 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data-id=\"4f264079\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c7c752f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c7c752f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6be0133\" data-id=\"6be0133\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-251b597 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"251b597\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img src=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/davinci.jpeg\" title=\"davinci\" alt=\"davinci\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Leonardo da Vinci's 15th century experiments on friction<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b4e5ff4\" data-id=\"b4e5ff4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3d457a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d3d457a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.5.5 - 03-02-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<div style=\"font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.75; color: #43545a; font-weight: 400;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><span style=\"color: #10708a; font-weight: 600;\">\nFriction is everywhere.\n<\/span>\nIt allows us to walk, grip objects, and control movement, yet reducing friction is equally important for improving energy efficiency and preventing material wear.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\">Despite its importance, friction remains difficult to predict.\nIts origins lie in\n<span style=\"color: #10708a;\">\nmicroscopic interactions between surfaces,\n<\/span>\nwhere tiny contact regions determine how materials slide against one another.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0;\">\nToday, our research builds on these early discoveries using advanced fluorescence microscopy to\n<span style=\"color: #10708a; font-weight: 500;\">\nvisualize the real contact area between solid surfaces\n<\/span>\nand uncover the physical mechanisms governing friction\n(<a style=\"color: #10708a; text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px;\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/ange.201410240\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\nSuhina <em>et al.<\/em>, 2015\n<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6eaf02a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6eaf02a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b19671\" data-id=\"5b19671\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3866e8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"3866e8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"research-scroll\" href=\"#research-areas-friction\">\n    <span class=\"research-scroll-text\">Explore our research<\/span>\n    <span class=\"research-scroll-arrows\">\n        <span>\u2304<\/span>\n        <span>\u2304<\/span>\n    <\/span>\n<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-07b3366 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"07b3366\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_top&quot;:&quot;curve&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-top\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n    <path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M1000,4.3V0H0v4.3C0.9,23.1,126.7,99.2,500,100S1000,22.7,1000,4.3z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f146144\" data-id=\"f146144\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30ba26c elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"30ba26c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"research-areas-friction\" style=\"height:1px; scroll-margin-top:100px;\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cc71e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7cc71e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.5.5 - 03-02-2022 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Research domains<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3a58e4 elementor-posts--align-center elementor-grid-3 elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-top elementor-card-shadow-yes elementor-posts__hover-gradient elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"b3a58e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;cards_columns&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;cards_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;cards_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;cards_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:35,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.cards\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor-pro\/assets\/css\/widget-posts.min.css\">\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-cards elementor-grid\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-1542 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-friction\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/2022\/01\/22\/why-can-we-skate-on-ice\/\" ><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img width=\"1669\" height=\"938\" src=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ice_friction-1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ice_friction-1.png 1669w, https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ice_friction-1-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ice_friction-1-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ice_friction-1-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ice_friction-1-1536x863.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1669px) 100vw, 1669px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/2022\/01\/22\/why-can-we-skate-on-ice\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tWhy Is Ice So Slippery? The Science Behind Skating\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Ice is remarkably slippery, but why? Even after more than 150 years of research, the physics behind this everyday phenomenon has remained surprisingly difficult to<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-1540 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-friction\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/2022\/01\/22\/capillary-friction\/\" ><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img width=\"328\" height=\"329\" src=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/capill.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/capill.png 328w, https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/capill-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/capill-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 328px) 100vw, 328px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/2022\/01\/22\/capillary-friction\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tCapillary friction\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>How does humidity influence friction between solid surfaces? One important mechanism is capillary adhesion, where tiny liquid bridges form between contacting surfaces and influence how<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-1535 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-research-friction\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/2022\/01\/22\/static-friction\/\" ><div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img width=\"540\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/staticfriction.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/staticfriction.jpg 540w, https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/staticfriction-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/staticfriction-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/2022\/01\/22\/static-friction\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tStatic friction\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>What happens at the microscopic level when two surfaces begin to slide? The transition from static to dynamic friction plays a crucial role in everything<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a863e50 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a863e50\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a38bdf7\" data-id=\"a38bdf7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd54edd elementor-widget elementor-widget-template\" data-id=\"fd54edd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"template.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-template\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"footer\" data-elementor-id=\"272\" class=\"elementor elementor-272\" data-elementor-settings=\"[]\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-20c1f73c elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"20c1f73c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-wide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-41028f5b\" data-id=\"41028f5b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-476c6186 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"476c6186\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38a8063f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"38a8063f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Postal Adress<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-221eab6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"221eab6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6>Van der Waals-Zeeman Instituut<\/h6><h6><span style=\"word-spacing: 0.1em;\">University of Amsterdam<\/span><\/h6><h6><span style=\"word-spacing: 0.1em;\">P.O. Box 94485<\/span><\/h6><h6>1090 GL Amsterdam<\/h6>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7a9b780e\" data-id=\"7a9b780e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c56fc0d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3c56fc0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19672145 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"19672145\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Visit us<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-554c85f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"554c85f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6>Science Park 904<\/h6><h6>C4.238 (4th floor)<\/h6><h6>1098 XH Amsterdam<\/h6><h6>The Netherlands<\/h6>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5c2718fb\" data-id=\"5c2718fb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3320cf1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3320cf1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e8cb063 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7e8cb063\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contact us<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ee31b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ee31b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6>Phone: +31 (0)20 525 6311<\/h6><h6>Fax: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0+31 (0)20 525 5102<\/h6><h6>Email: \u00a0 secr-iop-science(at)uva.nl<\/h6>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-170ecb70\" data-id=\"170ecb70\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1686aabf elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1686aabf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e6d5dc7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-google_maps\" data-id=\"6e6d5dc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"google_maps.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.5.5 - 03-02-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-google_maps .elementor-widget-container{overflow:hidden}.elementor-widget-google_maps iframe{height:300px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-custom-embed\">\n\t\t\t<iframe frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" marginheight=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"https:\/\/maps.google.com\/maps?q=Science%20Park%20904&#038;t=m&#038;z=12&#038;output=embed&#038;iwloc=near\"\n\t\t\t\t\ttitle=\"Science Park 904\"\n\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Science Park 904\"\n\t\t\t><\/iframe>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Leonardo da Vinci&#8217;s 15th century experiments on friction Friction is everywhere. It allows us to walk, grip objects, and control movement, yet reducing friction is equally important for improving energy efficiency and preventing material wear. Despite its importance, friction remains difficult to predict. Its origins lie in microscopic interactions between surfaces, where tiny contact regions [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1524,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_canvas","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/303"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=303"}],"version-history":[{"count":82,"href":"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/303\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3982,"href":"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/303\/revisions\/3982"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1524"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iop.fnwi.uva.nl\/scm\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=303"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}